The Wars of the Roses or the Cousins War was a period of civil war between two rival arms of the royal family. At the time, it was simply known as the Civil Wars, the now more common name came from both families having different roses, a red for Lancaster and a white for York, as their house insignia. The Houses of Lancaster and York both had claims to the throne through King Edward III.
The civil wars saw one of the bloodiest battles in British history, the last king to die in battle and even the disappearance of two children before it ended. The war officially ended with the Battle of Bosworth field in which Henry Tudor, as the last Lancastrian heir, defeated Richard III. After being crowned as Henry VII, he married Elizabeth of York, the heir to the Yorkist claim, this meant that their children would inherit both claims and so end the conflict.
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